氧化(hua)亞(ya)氮(dan)(dan)別名一(yi)(yi)氧化(hua)二氮(dan)(dan)，又稱笑(xiao)氣，是一(yi)(yi)種無(wu)機化(hua)合(he)物，其(qi)化(hua)學式為N?O，CAS號(hao)為10028-97-2，具有輕微的(de)(de)麻醉(zui)作用，能使人(ren)發笑(xiao)。氧化(hua)亞(ya)氮(dan)(dan)作為一(yi)(yi)種重要的(de)(de)化(hua)合(he)物，可(ke)以廣(guang)泛地應用于電子、工(gong)業(ye)、食品(pin)和醫學等領域，例如(ru)可(ke)用作原(yuan)子吸收光譜用的(de)(de)助(zhu)燃劑(ji)、做半導體器件制造工(gong)藝的(de)(de)保護期、奶(nai)油泡沫噴射劑(ji)、吸收性(xing)(xing)麻醉(zui)劑(ji)等，廣(guang)泛的(de)(de)應用范圍使得氧化(hua)亞(ya)氮(dan)(dan)行業(ye)具有多(duo)樣(yang)性(xing)(xing)和靈活性(xing)(xing)。

氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)亞(ya)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)根據(ju)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)領域不同(tong)，可以(yi)(yi)分為(wei)電(dian)子級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、工(gong)業(ye)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、食(shi)品(pin)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)醫(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)亞(ya)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)四大(da)(da)類。其中，電(dian)子級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)亞(ya)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)是(shi)(shi)純(chun)(chun)度(du)高(gao)的(de)(de)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)別，通(tong)常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)顯示(shi)面板、光(guang)伏組件、半(ban)導體(ti)制(zhi)造(zao)和(he)(he)集成(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)路制(zhi)造(zao)等(deng)電(dian)子行(xing)業(ye)中。它(ta)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)雜質(zhi)含(han)量(liang)極低，以(yi)(yi)確(que)保(bao)不會對微電(dian)子器(qi)件造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)污染或損(sun)害。工(gong)業(ye)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)亞(ya)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)的(de)(de)純(chun)(chun)度(du)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)相(xiang)(xiang)對較(jiao)(jiao)低，但(dan)仍(reng)然需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)滿(man)足一定的(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)標準(zhun)，以(yi)(yi)確(que)保(bao)其在使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)過(guo)程中的(de)(de)效果和(he)(he)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)性(xing)。它(ta)廣泛應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)各種工(gong)業(ye)領域，如金屬加工(gong)、焊接、切割等(deng)過(guo)程中的(de)(de)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)劑、制(zhi)冷(leng)劑等(deng)。食(shi)品(pin)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)亞(ya)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)食(shi)品(pin)工(gong)業(ye)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)制(zhi)作(zuo)奶(nai)油、奶(nai)泡等(deng)。它(ta)的(de)(de)純(chun)(chun)度(du)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)也相(xiang)(xiang)對較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)，以(yi)(yi)確(que)保(bao)不會對食(shi)品(pin)造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)污染或損(sun)害消費者(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)健(jian)(jian)康。食(shi)品(pin)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)亞(ya)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)的(de)(de)純(chun)(chun)度(du)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)通(tong)常(chang)符(fu)合相(xiang)(xiang)關食(shi)品(pin)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)標準(zhun)或法規，如FDA、EU等(deng)標準(zhun)。醫(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)亞(ya)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)醫(yi)學(xue)領域，特別是(shi)(shi)作(zuo)為(wei)吸入性(xing)麻醉劑，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)手術、疼痛(tong)治(zhi)療等(deng)領域，具有(you)快速麻醉和(he)(he)蘇(su)醒的(de)(de)特點。其要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)具有(you)高(gao)度(du)的(de)(de)純(chun)(chun)凈(jing)度(du)和(he)(he)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)性(xing)，以(yi)(yi)確(que)保(bao)患(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)健(jian)(jian)康和(he)(he)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)。但(dan)是(shi)(shi)醫(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)亞(ya)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)屬于(yu)(yu)易(yi)制(zhi)毒，受國家管控，需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)獲得資質(zhi)后才能生產銷售(shou)和(he)(he)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。此外(wai)，氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)亞(ya)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)還可以(yi)(yi)根據(ju)產品(pin)純(chun)(chun)度(du)進(jin)行(xing)分類，大(da)(da)致可以(yi)(yi)分為(wei)99.9%（3N）、99.999%（5N）、99.9995%（5N5）和(he)(he)99.9999%（6N）等(deng)幾大(da)(da)類，電(dian)子級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)亞(ya)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)對氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)亞(ya)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)含(han)量(liang)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)，純(chun)(chun)度(du)通(tong)常(chang)在5N以(yi)(yi)上(shang)。

目前，氧化亞氮產能主要集中在法國、德國和中國等國家，其中法國液化空氣集團（Air Liquide）、德國梅塞爾集團（Messer）等跨國企業憑借較強的技術實力、完善的市場渠道、良好的產品質量及品牌形象在全球氧化亞氮市場具有較大影響力。同時中國氧化亞氮行業競爭力不斷增強，例如金宏氣體股份有限公司、重慶同輝科發氣體有限公司、大連科利德半導體材料股份有限公司、北京綠菱氣體科技有限公司等企業氧化亞氮已經廣泛出口到多個國外市場。根據新思界產業研究中心發布的《2024-2028年全球氧化亞氮行業深度市場調研及重點區域研究報告》顯示，2023年中國(guo)氧化亞氮產能為(wei)10.5萬噸。

新思界產業分析人士(shi)認為(wei)，目前(qian)國內氧化亞氮(dan)主(zhu)要應用于(yu)半(ban)導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)、光伏等領域(yu)。近些年，我(wo)國積極優(you)化能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)供(gong)(gong)給(gei)結(jie)構，包括光伏在內的(de)可(ke)再(zai)生清潔能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)是未來(lai)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)供(gong)(gong)給(gei)的(de)核心組成部(bu)分；同時，我(wo)國近些年高度重視(shi)半(ban)導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)產業(ye)(ye)發展(zhan)，鼓勵半(ban)導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)，集成電路產業(ye)(ye)補鏈強鏈，完善產業(ye)(ye)鏈條，擴大供(gong)(gong)給(gei)能(neng)(neng)力。在半(ban)導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)和光伏產業(ye)(ye)不(bu)斷發展(zhan)背景(jing)下，未來(lai)我(wo)國氧化亞氮(dan)市場將不(bu)斷擴大，需(xu)求量(liang)持續(xu)增長(chang)。